Semax

Semax is a synthetic heptapeptide derived from the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) fragment 4-10, with the sequence Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro. Developed by the Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Semax has been approved as a pharmaceutical agent in Russia and Ukraine for neurological applications. Research focuses on its ability to modulate brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) expression, conferring neuroprotective properties particularly relevant to ischaemic brain injury research. Studies have documented its effects on dopaminergic and serotonergic neurotransmitter systems, suggesting broad neuromodulatory activity beyond simple ACTH fragment effects. Semax has been clinically documented in stroke rehabilitation literature, where its neuroprotective and neurorestorative properties have been examined in post-ischaemic recovery models. The peptide crosses the blood-brain barrier efficiently, enabling central nervous system activity following peripheral administration. Researchers in neuroscience and cognitive pharmacology consider Semax a significant tool for studying neuroplasticity, neurotrophic factor regulation, and cognitive enhancement mechanisms in preclinical and clinical contexts.